Academic Dishonesty

Academic dishonesty includes but is not limited to plagiarism, collusion, cheating, fabrication, facilitating academic dishonesty, failure to contribute to a collaborative project, and sabotage.

How Does Academic Dishonesty Affect You?

• It may affect your grade if scoring is based on a curve.
• It destroys "equal opportunity" in competitive atmospheres.
• It hinders development of self-reliance.
• It affects the reputation of UT Dallas and your particular academic program.

What Can You Do To Help?

• Prepare thoroughly for examinations and assignments.
• Take the initiative to prevent other students from copying your exam or assignments by shielding your answer sheet during examination, and not lending assignments to other students.
• Inform your instructor if you suspect someone is cheating.
• Do not look in the direction of other students' papers during examinations.
• Refuse to assist students who cheat.

Avoiding Dishonesty: The Big Four

• Plagiarism
• Collusion
• Cheating
• Fabrication

Plagiarism

To submit to your instructor a paper or comparable assignment that is not truly the product of your own mind and skill is to commit plagiarism. To put it bluntly, plagiarism is the act of stealing the ideas and/or expression of another and representing them as your own. It is a form of cheating and a kind of academic dishonesty that can incur severe consequences. It is important, therefore, that you understand what constitutes plagiarism, so that you will not unwittingly jeopardize your college career.

The Most Obvious Form — Plagiarism can take several forms. The most obvious form of plagiarism is the purchase of prepared papers from commercial term paper companies or another individual and the submission of such papers as one's own work.

Proper Footnoting Essential — A second obvious form of plagiarism is a word-for-word copying of someone else's work, in whole or in part, without appropriate acknowledgement, whether that work be a journal or magazine article, a portion of a book, a newspaper piece, another student's paper, or any other composition not your own.

Any such verbatim use of another's work must be acknowledged by (1) appropriate indention or enclosing all such copied portions in quotation marks and by (2) giving the original source in a footnote. As a general rule, you should make very little use of directly quoted matter in your research paper. If you do not know how to footnote properly, ask your instructor for guidance.

Paraphrasing vs. Original Work — A third form of plagiarism is the paraphrasing for the structure and language of another person's work. Changing a few words of another's composition, omitting a few sentences, or changing their order does not constitute original composition and therefore can be given no credit. If such borrowing or paraphrasing is ever necessary, the source must be scrupulously indicated by footnotes. How then, you may ask, can I be original? Am I to learn nothing from others? There are several answers to such questions. Of course you have come to the University to learn, and this means acquiring ideas and exchanging opinions with others. But no idea is ever genuinely learned by copying it down in the phrasing of somebody else. Only when you have the thought through an idea in terms of your own experience can you be said to have learned; and when you have done that, you can develop it on paper as the product of your own mind.

Using the Instructor as a Resource — If an assignment baffles you, discuss it with your instructor. And if you are directed to use printed sources, consult your instructor about how to proceed. There is an art to taking notes for research; careless note taking can lead to plagiarism.

Consequences of Plagiarism — Why be so concerned about plagiarism? Because it defeats the ends of education. If students were given credit for work that is not their own, then course grades would be meaningless. A college degree would become a mere sheet of paper and the integrity of the University would be undermined. To protect conscientious students, therefore, and to guarantee the quality of their education, the University assesses significant sanctions against those who plagiarize.

The University's Handbook of Operating Procedures provides sanctions for plagiarism, which range from an "F" grade to dismissal from the University. If these sanctions seem severe, remember that your integrity and the integrity of the University itself are at stake. These rules and regulations are available to students through the Dean of Students office, where staff are available to assist students in their understanding of the various rules and regulations governing student conduct.

Finally, the University cannot prevent students from plagiarizing, but it can make sure that they know what plagiarism is, what the sanctions for it are, and how it may jeopardize their future careers. If you do not understand it fully, consult your instructor. If you have any doubts about the originality of an assignment you plan to turn in, see your instructor before you submit.

Collusion

In class or out-of-class academic exercises are representations of a student's individual ability and scholarly achievement. Each student is expected to exercise independent scholarly thought, expression and aptitude. While there is much to be gained through a well-functioning study group, participating in an act of collusion will prove detrimental. Absent specific authorization from the course instructor, each academic exercise is presumed to be prepared and submitted by one student acting individually and not in concert with others.
Acts of collusion can be purposeful or unintentional. Common examples are:

• Two students in the same class submitting a substantially similar essay, homework or computer program assignment.
• One student providing another with a copy of a completed assignment, only to have the assignment duplicated and submitted for credit with a new name.
• Study or lab partners submitting duplicate solution reports.

Cheating

Attempting to or succeeding in gaining an unfair advantage in the academic arena is an act of academic dishonesty. Whether it is copying from another student's exam paper, knowingly using or buying homework solutions or submitting a substantial portion of the same academic work more than once without prior written authorization from the instructor, cheating is a violation of the rules and will not be condoned at UT Dallas.

The motivation to cheat is varied among college students. Sometimes the motivation originates with the desire to secure admission into a graduate or professional school, to enhance employment opportunities or to continue eligibility for financial assistance. While they may be significant motivating factors to some, to the student with personal honor and integrity, they are not sufficient to jeopardize a higher education investment.

Fabrication

Proper citation of references is generally addressed by the assigned or adopted writing-style manual. Occasionally, however, papers are submitted that contain false references. The following represent the most common occurrences of false references:

• References cited within the text body are omitted in an ending bibliography or end notes page.
• Entries contained in the end notes listing are not cited within the body of the text.
• Information contained within the reference is fabricated.
• The entire reference is fabricated.

Minimize the opportunity for an allegation of academic dishonesty for using false references by incorporating the following into your preparation:

• Allow sufficient time to thoroughly research and gather all information necessary for proper citation and reference format.
• Learn what the prescribed writing style requires for references and use it.
• Double check the completed document with your research notes for accuracy.